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Description

Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances (using short-wavelength radio waves in the ISM band from 2.4 to 2.485 GHz) from fixed and mobile devices, building personal area networks (PANs). Invented by telecom vendor Ericsson in 1994,it was originally conceived as a wireless alternative to RS-232 data cables. It can connect several devices, overcoming problems of synchronization.

Bluetooth is managed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), which has more than 19,000 member companies in the areas of telecommunication, computing, networking, and consumer electronics. Bluetooth was standardized as IEEE 802.15.1, but the standard is no longer maintained. The SIG oversees the development of the specification, manages the qualification program, and protects the trademarks.To be marketed as a Bluetooth device, it must be qualified to standards defined by the SIG. A network of patents is required to implement the technology, which is licensed only for that qualifying device.

The word "Bluetooth" is an anglicized version of the Scandinavian Blåtand/Blåtann, (Old Norseblátǫnn) the epithet of the tenth-century king Harald Bluetooth who united dissonant Danish tribes into a single kingdom, according to legend, introducing Christianity as well. The idea of this name was proposed in 1997 by Jim Kardach who developed a system that would allow mobile phones to communicate with computers. At the time of this proposal he was reading Frans Gunnar Bengtsson's historical novel The Long Ships about Vikings and king Harald Bluetooth. The implication is that Bluetooth does the same with communications protocols, uniting them into one universal standard. The Bluetooth logo is a bind rune merging the Younger Futhark runes  (Hagall) (ᚼ) and  (Bjarkan) (ᛒ), Harald's initials.

1.      Wireless control of and communication between a mobile phone and a hands free headset. This was one of the earliest applications to become popular.

2.      Wireless control of and communication between a mobile phone and a Bluetooth compatible car stereo system.

3.      Wireless control of and communication with tablets and speakers such as iPad and Android devices.

4.      Wireless Bluetooth headset and Intercom. Idiomatically, a headset is sometimes called "a Bluetooth".

5.      Wireless networking between PCs in a confined space and where little bandwidth is required.

6.      Wireless communication with PC input and output devices, the most common being the mouse, keyboard and printer.

7.      Transfer of files, contact details, calendar appointments, and reminders between devices with OBEX.

8.      Replacement of previous wired RS-232 serial communications in test equipment, GPS receivers, medical equipment, bar code scanners, and traffic control devices.

9.      For controls where infrared was often used.

10.  For low bandwidth applications where higher USB bandwidth is not required    and cable-free connection desired.

11.  Sending small advertisements from Bluetooth-enabled advertising hoardings to other, discoverable, Bluetooth devices.

12.  Wireless bridge between two Industrial Ethernet (e.g., PROFINET) networks.

13.  Three seventh and eighth generation game consoles, Nintendo's Wii. and Sony's PlayStation , use Bluetooth for their respective wireless controllers.

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